Research on astronaut health and model organisms have revealed six features of
spaceflight biology that guide our current understanding of fundamental molecular changes …

Proton therapy treatments are based on a proton RBE (relative biological effectiveness)
relative to high-energy photons of 1.1. The use of this generic, spatially invariant RBE within …

Phosphorylation of the Ser-139 residue of the histone variant H2AX, forming γH2AX, is an
early cellular response to the induction of DNA double-strand breaks. Detection of this …

In addition to the physical advantages (Bragg peak), the use of charged particles in cancer
therapy can be associated with distinct biological effects compared to X-rays. While heavy …

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) in heterochromatic repetitive DNAs pose significant threats to
genome integrity, but information about how such lesions are processed and repaired is …

The mission of NASA's GeneLab database (https://genelab. nasa. gov/) is to collect, curate,
and provide access to the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic (so-called …

Before the human exploration of Mars or long-duration missions on the Earth's moon, the
risk of cancer and other diseases from space radiation must be accurately estimated and …

The concept of DNA “repair centers” and the meaning of radiation-induced foci (RIF) in
human cells have remained controversial. RIFs are characterized by the local recruitment of …

For large scale exposures of the human population to ionising radiation, there is a need for
cost-effective high throughput assessment of radiation exposure levels from biological …

DNA damage sensing proteins have been shown to localize to the sites of DNA double
strand breaks (DSB) within seconds to minutes following ionizing radiation (IR) exposure …