The Id family of helix–loop–helix (HLH) proteins are thought to affect the balance between
cell growth and differentiation by negatively regulating the function of basic–helix–loop …

The basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor (bHLH TF) family is involved in tissue
development, cell differentiation, and disease. These factors have transcriptionally positive …

Pax5 activity is enhanced in activated B cells and is essential for class switch recombination
(CSR). We show that inhibitor of differentiation (Id) 2 suppresses CSR by repressing the …

Id proteins are thought to be negative regulators of cell differentiation and positive regulators
of cell proliferation. Mammary glands of Id2−/− female mice reveal severely impaired lobulo …

Background Spermatogenesis is a late developmental process that involves a coordinated
expression program in germ cells and a permanent communication between the testicular …

In fish, as in higher animals, the normal ontogenesis of the gonads is the basis for successful
reproduction. Gonadal differentiation and development depend on the genetic cascade that …

The salivary system in mammals is comprised of three independently developed pairs of
organs, the parotid, submaxillar, and sublingual glands. Each gland is composed of various …

Id proteins function as negative regulators for basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional factors
that play important roles in cell fate determination. They preferentially associate with …

Epicardin/capsulin/Pod-1, expressed in skeletal myoblasts within brachial arches and in the
condensing mesenchyme, is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription …

Krüppel-like factor 5 (Klf5; also called IKLF or BTEB2), a zinc-finger transcription factor with
proproliferative and transforming properties in vitro, is expressed in proliferating cells of …