This Review explores the dynamic behavior of water within nanopores and biological
channels in lipid bilayer membranes. We focus on molecular simulation studies, alongside …

Voltage-gated proton channels (HV) are unique, in part because the ion they conduct is
unique. HV channels are perfectly selective for protons and have a very small unitary …

The envelope (E) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus forms cation-conducting channels in the
endoplasmic reticulum Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) of infected cells. The …

The M2 protein from influenza A virus is a pH-activated proton channel that mediates
acidification of the interior of viral particles entrapped in endosomes. M2 is the target of the …

The M2 protein of influenza viruses forms an acid-activated tetrameric proton channel. We
used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine the structure and …

Transport of ions through pores in membranes is a process of fundamental importance to
cell biology. In living organisms, such transport is facilitated by ion channels that utilize the …

The successful isolation of a human influenza virus in 1933 was soon followed by the first
attempts to develop an influenza vaccine. Nowadays, vaccination is still the most effective …

Given the key roles of integral membrane proteins as transporters and channels, it is
necessary to understand their structures and, hence, mechanisms and regulation at the …

The channel-forming activity of a family of small, hydrophobic integral membrane proteins
termed 'viroporins' is essential to the life cycles of an increasingly diverse range of RNA and …

The M2 protein of influenza A viruses forms a tetrameric pH-activated proton-selective
channel that is targeted by the amantadine class of antiviral drugs. Its ion channel function …