Simple Summary Animals provide food and other critical resources to much of the global
population. Transboundary animal diseases are highly contagious or transmissible …

Ticks are important vectors for the transmission of pathogens including viruses. The viruses
carried by ticks also known as tick-borne viruses (TBVs), contain a large group of viruses …

Genetic exchange by a process of genome-segment 'reassortment'represents an important
mechanism for evolutionary change in all viruses with segmented genomes, yet in many …

Viruses have often evolved overlapping reading frames in order to maximize their coding
capacity. Until recently, the segmented dsRNA genome of viruses of the Orbivirus genus …

African horse sickness is a devastating disease that causes great suffering and many
fatalities amongst horses in sub-Saharan Africa. It is caused by nine different serotypes of …

Virus-like particles (VLPs) have been produced as candidate vaccines in plants virtually
since the introduction of biofarming. Even today, VLPs remain the best candidates for safe …

Bluetongue is a non-contagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by a virus
within the Orbivirus genus of the family Reoviridae and transmitted by Culicoides biting …

Coinfection of a cell by two different strains of a segmented virus can give rise to a
“reassortant” with phenotypic characteristics that might differ from those of the parental …

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of bluetongue, a major infectious disease of
ruminants with serious consequences to both animal health and the economy. The clinical …

Segmented RNA viruses are a taxonomically diverse group that can infect plant, wildlife,
livestock and human hosts. A shared feature of these viruses is the ability to exchange …