Animals have been used in research for over 2,000 y. From very crude experiments
conducted by ancient scholars, animal research, as a science, was refined over hundreds of …

Psychological stress has been associated with the onset of several diseases, including
osteoporosis. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanism remains unknown, and …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with osteopenia, osteoporosis and
increased fracture risk in the clinical population. Yet, the development of preclinical models …

Background Several clinical studies have examined the connection between depression
and bone loss, but the cause-and-effect relationship between the two conditions, especially …

Objectives Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2 or COVID-19)
led to lockdowns predisposing people to sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy behaviours …

Social isolation stress has numerous known negative health effects, including increased risk
for cardiovascular disease, dementia, as well as overall mortality. The impacts of social …

In a 2022 interview, Senator Bill Cassidy (R-La.) suggested that high maternal mortality
among Black womxn is a natural racial disparity, reflecting a widespread belief that the …