Dissecting the relationship between gene function and substitution rates is key to
understanding genome-wide patterns of molecular evolution. Biochemical pathways provide …

Identifying the footprints of selection in coding sequences can inform about the importance
and function of individual sites. Analyses of the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous …

Repeated phenotypes, often referred to as 'homoplasies' in cladistic analyses, may evolve
through changes in developmental processes. Genetic bases of recurrent evolution gained …

Premise When enzymes encoded by paralogous genes produce identical specialized
metabolites in distantly related plant lineages, it is strong evidence of parallel phenotypic …

Molecular evolution is a scientific discipline that encompasses two areas of study, including
macromolecule evolution and understanding the evolutionary history of organisms through …

The structure and function of biochemical pathways are closely tied to patterns and rates of
43 molecular evolution. For example, enzymes positioned at early steps in these pathways …

Reconstructing the evolution of plant adaptations to insect herbivores requires a layered
approach that integrates phenotype and genotype. Given that plant defenses experience …

Inferring a phylogenetic tree, which describes the evolutionary relationships among a set of
organisms, genes, or genomes, is a fundamental step in numerous evolutionary studies …