TNF, a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine, is important for protective immunity and
immunopathology during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, which causes …

Despite intensive research since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, it has remained unclear
precisely which components of the early immune response protect against the development …

Nearly two decades have passed since the first report on autophagy acting as a cell-
autonomous defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This helped usher a new area of …

Neutrophils are the most abundant cell type in airways of tuberculosis patients. Recent
investigations reported induction of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) during …

The central nervous system (CNS) harbors its own special immune system composed of
microglia in the parenchyma, CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs), dendritic cells …

Despite intensive research since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, it has remained unclear
precisely which components of the early immune response protect against the development …

Post-tuberculosis (TB) lung disease (PTLD) is increasingly recognized as a major
contributor to the global burden of chronic lung disease, with recent estimates indicating that …

The mycobacteriological analysis of sputum samples is the gold standard for tuberculosis
diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, sputum production can be challenging after …

The effectiveness of chemotherapy for infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (ITL) is determined
by proper timing and adequacy of treatment. The speed of reparative changes in the …

PMN are one of the most important cells of the innate immune system and are responsible
for fast clearance of invading pathogens in most circumstances. The role of human PMN …