3D/4D printing of polymers: fused deposition modelling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and stereolithography (SLA)

A Kafle, E Luis, R Silwal, HM Pan, PL Shrestha… - Polymers, 2021 - mdpi.com
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is a digital manufacturing process and offers
virtually limitless opportunities to develop structures/objects by tailoring material …

[HTML][HTML] 4D printing of shape memory polylactic acid (PLA)

M Mehrpouya, H Vahabi, S Janbaz, A Darafsheh… - Polymer, 2021 - Elsevier
Additive manufacturing has attracted much attention in the last decade as a principal
growing sector of complex manufacturing. Precise layer-by-layer patterning of materials …

Novel materials for 3D printing by photopolymerization

M Layani, X Wang, S Magdassi - Advanced Materials, 2018 - Wiley Online Library
The field of 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is developing rapidly in
both academic and industrial research environments. New materials and printing …

[HTML][HTML] A review of 3D/4D printing of poly-lactic acid composites with bio-derived reinforcements

LP Muthe, K Pickering, C Gauss - Composites Part C: Open Access, 2022 - Elsevier
Poly-lactic acid (PLA) has become a commonly used polymer for additive manufacturing
because of its bio-derived nature, useful mechanical properties, and excellent …

Sustainable robots 4D printing

H Soleimanzadeh, B Rolfe, M Bodaghi… - Advanced …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Nature frequently serves as an inspiration for modern robotics innovations that emphasize
secure human–machine interaction. However, the advantages of increased automation and …

Mechanical properties optimization of poly-ether-ether-ketone via fused deposition modeling

X Deng, Z Zeng, B Peng, S Yan, W Ke - Materials, 2018 - mdpi.com
Compared to the common selective laser sintering (SLS) manufacturing method, fused
deposition modeling (FDM) seems to be an economical and efficient three-dimensional (3D) …

3D printing of shape memory polymers

G Ehrmann, A Ehrmann - Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are polymers which''remember''their original shape and
can return to it after deformation, if an external stimulus—often an increased temperature–is …

[HTML][HTML] Smart polyurethane composites for 3D or 4D printing: General-purpose use, sustainability and shape memory effect

WT Nugroho, Y Dong, A Pramanik, J Leng… - Composites Part B …, 2021 - Elsevier
Excellent biocompatibility, flexibility and shape memory features of polyurethane (PU) have
attracted great attention to produce various objects for particular applications in biomedical …

Mechanical reliability and in vitro bioactivity of 3D-printed porous polylactic acid-hydroxyapatite scaffold

C Prakash, G Singh, S Singh, WL Linda… - Journal of Materials …, 2021 - Springer
The study aimed to investigate the mechanical reliability and in vitro bioactivity of the three-
dimensional (3D) printed hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) porous …

Recent advances in 3D printing of aliphatic polyesters

I Chiulan, AN Frone, C Brandabur, DM Panaitescu - Bioengineering, 2017 - mdpi.com
3D printing represents a valuable alternative to traditional processing methods, clearly
demonstrated by the promising results obtained in the manufacture of various products, such …