Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic pathway in which cellular constituents are engulfed
by autophagosomes and degraded upon autophagosome fusion with lysosomes …

The balance between cell death and survival is a critical parameter in the regulation of cells
and the maintenance of homeostasis in vivo. Three major mechanisms for cell death have …

Autophagy and apoptosis control the turnover of organelles and proteins within cells, and of
cells within organisms, respectively, and many stress pathways sequentially elicit …

Autophagy as a means of cell killing was first advanced by Clark's phenotypic description of
'Type II autophagic cell death'in 1990. However, this phenomenon later came into question …

Autophagy refers to a lysosomal degradative pathway or a process of self-cannibalization.
This pathway maintains nutrients levels for vital cellular functions during periods of …

Metastasis is a crucial hallmark of cancer progression, which involves numerous factors
including the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the epithelial-to-mesenchymal …

The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unclear, but
involves loss of alveolar surface area (emphysema) and airway inflammation (bronchitis) as …

BACKGROUND Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process of degrading and recycling
proteins and organelles to modulate various physiological and pathological events …

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, known as acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS), are caused by direct pulmonary insults and indirect systemic inflammatory …

Autophagy is a tightly-regulated catabolic process of cellular self-digestion by which cellular
components are targeted to lysosomes for their degradation. Key functions of autophagy are …