The use of Drosophila melanogaster for studies of toxicology has grown considerably in the
last decade. The Drosophila model has long been appreciated as a versatile and powerful …

Pleiotropy (whereby one genetic polymorphism affects multiple traits) and epistasis
(whereby non-linear interactions between genetic polymorphisms affect the same trait) are …

Behaviors are components of fitness and contribute to adaptive evolution. Behaviors
represent the interactions of an organism with its environment, yet innate behaviors display …

The expression of Neuritin-1 (NRN1), a neurotrophic factor crucial for neurodevelopment
and synaptic plasticity, is enhanced by the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) …

Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), a widely used spice and medicinal herb, has gained
significant attention for its therapeutic properties and agronomic potential. Recent advances …

Abstract Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders are a group of disorders resulting from prenatal
alcohol exposure, presenting with neurodevelopmental and facial abnormalities of varying …