As major structural components of plant cell walls, cellulose and hemicellulose are
degraded and fermented by anaerobic microbes in the rumen to produce volatile fatty acids …

Colonization and development of the gut microbiome are crucial for the growth and health of
calves. In this review, we summarized the colonization, beneficial nutrition, immune function …

Dairy cattle are frequently fed high-concentrate (HC) diets in modern intensive feeding
systems, especially in the transition period. During this period, cows face many alterations …

Although fat content in usual ruminant diets is very low, fat supplements can be given to farm
ruminants to modulate rumen activity or the fatty acid (FA) profile of meat and milk …

The rumen harbors diverse microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, fungi, archaea,
and viruses. They play a key role in the breakdown and utilization of feedstuff carbohydrate …

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial on
performance of mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows and on their milk fatty acid composition. Six …

The objectives of this study were to determine if milk production efficiency (MPE) is altered
by near-total exchange of ruminal contents between high-(HE) and low-MPE (LE) cows and …

Stress reduces milk and milk components synthesis and increases maintenance
requirements of cows. The major stress-related alterations involve enhanced secretion of …

Ten ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were used in a crossover design that investigated
changes in ruminal bacterial populations in response to induction and recovery from diet …

The Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii was first isolated
from the rumen in 1953 and is common in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Its ability to …