Lettuce is one of the most popular leafy vegetables produced in controlled environments
with artificial lighting (CEALs). Optimal control of environmental conditions can be used to …

Lettuce is one of the most important crops of plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs)
due to their small size, fast growth rate, low energy demand and high marketing value. High …

Light-emitting diodes allow for the application of specific wavelengths of light to induce
various morphological and physiological responses. In lettuce (Lactuca sativa), far-red light …

To achieve clean and high-quality spinach production, the effects of daily light integral (DLI)
and light spectrum on growth, nutritional quality, and energy yield of hydroponic spinach …

Leafy vegetables, including lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), are considered to be healthy due to
their high content of fiber, folate, carotenoids, phenolic and antioxidant compounds …

Few researchers examined different red light amounts added in white light-emitting diodes
(LEDs) with varied daily light integrals (DLIs) for hydroponic lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). In …

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. Micro-Tom) were grown in a plastic greenhouse. When
plants anthesis, the 100 μmol m–2 s–1 blue light-emitting diode (LED) light (430±10 nm) …

Different strategies are reported in the literature for energy saving in Closed Plant
Production Systems (CPPS). However, not reliable evidences about energy consumption …

White (W) light-emitting diode (LED) light has been used as an efficient light source for
commercial plant cultivation in vertical farming. This study aimed to examine the effect of W …

Based on available literature, ecology and economy of light emitting diode (LED) lights in
plant foods production were assessed and compared to high pressure sodium (HPS) and …