An updated review: white etching cracks (WECs) and axial cracks in wind turbine gearbox bearings

MH Evans - Materials Science and Technology, 2016 - Taylor & Francis
The actual service life of wind turbine gearboxes is often well below the desired 20 years.
One of the prevalent failure modes in gearbox bearing raceways is white structure flaking …

Tribological challenges and advancements in wind turbine bearings: A review

A Dhanola, HC Garg - Engineering Failure Analysis, 2020 - Elsevier
The power generation from wind farms is growing very fast all over the world, and wind
energy is now playing the most significant role to aid sustainable development since the last …

Broad review of “White Etching Crack” failure in wind turbine gearbox bearings: Main factors and experimental investigations

FJ López-Uruñuela, B Fernández-Díaz… - International Journal of …, 2021 - Elsevier
Subsurface crack networks surrounded by microstructural alterations, named as “White
Etching Cracks”(WEC), lead to wind turbine gearbox bearing (WTGB) premature failures …

New microstructure of butterfly white etching area in rolling contact fatigue of bearing steel

YB Wang, SX Li, SY Lu, J Cao - Tribology International, 2023 - Elsevier
Butterfly white etching area (WEA) formed at subsurface inclusions under rolling contact
fatigue (RCF) of bearing steel was investigated by using the Scanning Electronic Microscopy …

Microstructural evolution in bearing steel under rolling contact fatigue

SX Li, YS Su, XD Shu, JJ Chen - Wear, 2017 - Elsevier
The purpose of this investigation was to study microstructural evolution leading to the
formation of wear debris and white etching areas (WEA) in the subsurface of AISI 52100 …

Failure analysis on abnormal wear of roller bearings in gearbox for wind turbine

Y Gong, JL Fei, J Tang, ZG Yang, YM Han… - Engineering Failure …, 2017 - Elsevier
The booming wind power industry as one of the predominant approaches of renewable
energy resources is not independent of components reliability within the wind turbines …

Thermal desorption analysis of hydrogen in non-hydrogen-charged rolling contact fatigue-tested 100Cr6 steel

AD Richardson, MH Evans, L Wang, RJK Wood… - Tribology Letters, 2018 - Springer
Hydrogen diffusion during rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is considered a potential root cause
or accelerator of white etching cracks (WECs) in wind turbine gearbox bearing steels …

Revealing the shear band origin of white etching area in rolling contact fatigue of bearing steel

YS Su, SX Li, F Yu, SY Lu, YG Wang - International Journal of Fatigue, 2021 - Elsevier
White etching area (WEA) has become a big challenge for bearing failure under rolling
contact fatigue. Despite of the extensive investigations, the origin of the WEA has not yet …

Deformation-induced amorphization and austenitization in white etching area of a martensite bearing steel under rolling contact fatigue

YS Su, SX Li, SY Lu, XD Shu - International Journal of Fatigue, 2017 - Elsevier
The paper investigated the composition and the formation mechanism of white etching areas
(WEAs) generated in rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of a bearing steel using scanning electron …

White etching area damage induced by shear localization in rolling contact fatigue of bearing steel

JH Chen, C Xie, SX Li, SY Lu - Fatigue & Fracture of …, 2024 - Wiley Online Library
White etching area (WEA) is a primary damage in rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of bearing
steels. In spite of extensive investigations, there is a large discrepancy in the existing …