Sea anemones are predatory marine invertebrates and have diverse venom arsenals.
Venom is integral to their biology, and is used in competition, defense, and feeding. Three …

The VitalBook e-book version of Biology of Fishes is only available only in the US and
Canada at the present time. To purchase or rent please visit https://store. vitalsource …

Fish species of the genera Amphiprion and Premnas (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) as well
as various crustaceans seek protection from predators among the tentacles of sea …

This work addresses the most relevant advances in the breeding and rearing of marine
ornamental species. The main breakthroughs in marine ornamental fish culture are …

Symbiotic associations are not only ubiquitous in nature, but they also play fundamental
roles in ecology and evolution. This paper discusses symbiosis with regards to the fitness …

The interaction structure of mutualistic relationships, in terms of relative specialization of the
partners, is important to understanding their ecology and evolution. Analyses of the …

Stony corals are the foundation species of tropical reefs, and their structures can harbor a
diverse range of mutualist taxa that can confer important benefits, including provision of …

Many plant and animal aggregations have size hierarchies within which a variety of sizes of
individuals, from large to small, can be found. Size hierarchies are thought to indicate the …

The symbiosis between giant sea anemones and anemonefish on coral reefs is well known,
but little information exists on impacts of this interaction on the sea anemone host. On a coral …

It is estimated that 14–30 million fish, 1.5 million live stony corals, 4 million pounds of coral
skeleton, 65–110 thousand pounds of red and black coral, and 9–10 million other …