Wood is a widely used material in various industries, and its mechanical properties are
crucial to determine the final product's performance. Modulus of elasticity (MOE) is one of the …

In this study, the effect of moisture on elastic properties of fir wood (Abies cilicica Carr.) was
investigated. Three moduli of elasticity in principal directions (EL, ER, ET), six Poisson's …

We designed an ultrasonic testing instrument that consisted of a single-chip microcomputer
module, a digital display module, and an ultrasonic sensor module, which conveniently …

Wave propagation techniques based on ultrasound for timber grading are influenced by the
moisture content (MC) of wood. The ultrasound velocities at an equilibrium MC (V 12) and …

In the present paper, an affordable innovative physical experimental equipment consisting of
an upper computer, an ultrasonic sensor module, and an Arduino microcontroller has been …

Moisture content is the environmental factor that has the greatest influence on the physical
and mechanical properties of wood materials. This research aimed to quantify the effect of …

The effect of annual ring number and width on the longitudinal (P) and transverse (S)
ultrasonic wave velocities in the radial direction of black pine, Scots pine, Turkish red pine …

Heat treatment is one of the environmentally friendly and cost-effective modification methods
applied for improvements of wood properties. However, influences of exposure duration and …

This study investigates elastic constants of Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra Arn. subsp.
pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) by means of ultrasonic waves. Three Young's modulus, three …

Wood is un-isotropic material and its mechanical properties will vary with the grain
orientation. This study investigated elastic constants of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) …