This work explains the need for plasma models, introduces arguments for choosing the type
of model that better fits the purpose of each study, and presents the basics of the most …

This paper provides perspectives on recent progress in understanding the physics of
devices in which the external magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the discharge …

Particle based simulations are indispensable tools for numerical studies of charged particle
swarms and low-temperature plasma sources. The main advantage of such approaches is …

The field of low-temperature plasmas (LTPs) excels by virtue of its broad intellectual
diversity, interdisciplinarity and range of applications. This great diversity also challenges …

This Perspective paper deals with an overview of particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision
models applied to different plasma-propulsion configurations and scenarios, from …

Abstract Particle-in-cell (PIC) with Monte Carlo collisions is a fully kinetic, particle based
numerical simulation method with increasing popularity in the field of low temperature gas …

This paper describes the verification and validation (V&V) framework developed for the
stochastic Particle-in-Cell, Direct Simulation Monte Carlo code Aleph. An ideal framework for …

While the particle-in-cell (PIC) method is quite mature, verification and validation of both
newly developed methods and individual codes have largely focused on an idiosyncratic …

The traditional explicit electrostatic momentum-conserving particle-in-cell algorithm requires
strict resolution of the electron Debye length to deliver numerical stability and accuracy. The …

There are now more Particle-in-Cell (PIC) codes than ever before that researchers use to
simulate intense laser–plasma interactions. To date, there have been relatively few direct …