Recently there has been a growing concern that many published research findings do not
hold up in attempts to replicate them. We argue that this problem may originate from a …

ABSTRACT The 3Rs–Replacement, Reduction and Refinement–are embedded into the
legislation and guidelines governing the ethics of animal use in experiments. Here, we …

The terms “reproducibility crisis” and “replication crisis” gained currency in conversation and
in print over the last decade (eg, Pashler & Wagenmakers 2012), as disappointing results …

The fields of ecology and conservation have evolved rapidly over the past century.
Synthesizing larger trends in these disciplines remains a challenge yet is critical to bridging …

Summary 'Will my study answer my research question?'is the most fundamental question a
researcher can ask when designing a study, yet when phrased in statistical terms–'What is …

Collaborative efforts to directly replicate empirical studies in the medical and social sciences
have revealed alarmingly low rates of replicability, a phenomenon dubbed the 'replication …

To make progress scientists need to know what other researchers have found and how they
found it. However, transparency is often insufficient across much of ecology and evolution …

Recent replication projects in other disciplines have uncovered disturbingly low levels of
reproducibility, suggesting that those research literatures may contain unverifiable claims …

Simple Summary Personality—ie, individual differences in behavior and emotion—is
increasingly being recognized as important in animal research. Whilst numerous studies …

Abstract Statistically nonsignificant (p>. 05) results from a null hypothesis significance test
(NHST) are often mistakenly interpreted as evidence that the null hypothesis is true—that …