[HTML][HTML] A comprehensive review of experimental and numerical studies on liquid metal-gas two-phase flows and associated measurement challenges

A Saraswat, A Fraile, S Gedupudi… - Annals of Nuclear …, 2025 - Elsevier
Liquid-gas two-phase flows are commonly encountered and studied phenomena in various
low temperature ordinary liquids. In contrast, a two-phase flow occurring in a Liquid Metal …

Small-bubble gas injection to mitigate cavitation-induced erosion damage and reduce strain in target vessels at the Spallation Neutron Source

DA McClintock, Y Liu, DR Bruce, DE Winder… - Materials & Design, 2022 - Elsevier
The effectiveness of small-bubble gas injection to mitigate cavitation-induced erosion
damage and decrease strain in Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) target vessels was …

Novel materials and concepts for next-generation high power target applications

K Ammigan, S Bidhar, F Pellemoine… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2022 - arxiv.org
Novel beam-intercepting materials and targetry concepts are essential to improve the
performance, reliability and operation lifetimes of next generation multi-megawatt (multi-MW) …

Initial observations of cavitation-induced erosion of liquid metal spallation target vessels at the Spallation Neutron Source

DA McClintock, BW Riemer, PD Ferguson… - Journal of nuclear …, 2012 - Elsevier
During operation of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
the mechanical properties of the AISI 316L target module are altered by high-energy neutron …

Quantifying the reduction in cavitation-induced erosion damage in the Spallation Neutron Source mercury target by means of small-bubble gas injection

H Jiang, D Winder, D McClintock, D Bruce, R Schwartz… - Wear, 2022 - Elsevier
A model developed to represent the progress of erosion damage in liquid-metal spallation
target vessels was modified to incorporate the effect of gas injection on the erosion rate. The …

Multibubble cavitation inception

M Ida - Physics of Fluids, 2009 - pubs.aip.org
The inception of cavitation in multibubble cases is studied numerically and theoretically to
show that it is different from that in single-bubble cases in several aspects. Using a …

Estimation of aggressive intensity of a cavitating jet with multiple experimental methods

C Kang, H Liu, H Soyama - Wear, 2018 - Elsevier
An experimental study on the cavitating jet was conducted with emphasis placed on the
detection of the energy that is emitted by the collapse of cavitation bubble. Four …

Incorporating bubble growth volume feedback to improve simulation of the response of a structure containing liquid and gas to sudden energy input

D Winder, L Lin, J Mach - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics …, 2021 - Elsevier
The SNS target module is a stainless-steel structure that contains and directs mercury. The
mercury is struck with short, intense proton pulses to create neutrons. The pulses deposit …

Implementing bubbly mercury material model (RP model) in the pulse simulation to predict strain on the Spallation Neutron Source target vessel with gas injection

H Jiang, DE Winder, C Barbier, BW Riemer - Results in Physics, 2023 - Elsevier
Abstract The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) creates neutrons by striking a liquid mercury
target with short pulses of high-energy protons. SNS targets have been operated with helium …

Cavitation damage prediction for the JSNS mercury target vessel

T Naoe, H Kogawa, T Wakui, K Haga… - Journal of Nuclear …, 2016 - Elsevier
The liquid mercury target system for the Japan Spallation Neutron Source (JSNS) at the
Materials and Life science experimental Facility (MLF) in the Japan Proton Accelerator …