Medical device-associated infections account for a large proportion of hospital-acquired
infections. A variety of opportunistic pathogens can cause implant infections, depending on …

Biotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms.
Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous …

From basic science and fundamental procedures to the latest advanced techniques in
reconstructive, esthetic, and implant therapy, Newman and Carranza's Clinical …

Microorganisms have evolved to thrive in virtually any terrestrial and marine environment,
exposing them to various mechanical cues mainly generated by fluid flow and pressure as …

Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, in most cases, which are resistant usually to broad-
spectrum antibiotics in their typical concentrations or even in higher doses. A trend of …

Reference genomes are required to understand the diverse roles of microorganisms in
ecology, evolution, human and animal health, but most species remain uncultured. Here we …

Twenty-five years have passed since the discovery of cyclic dimeric (3′→ 5′) GMP (cyclic
di-GMP or c-di-GMP). From the relative obscurity of an allosteric activator of a bacterial …

Biofilms are microbial communities characterized by their adhesion to solid surfaces and the
production of a matrix of exopolymeric substances, consisting of polysaccharides, proteins …

Microbial life abounds on surfaces in both natural and industrial environments, one of which
is the food industry. A solid substrate, water and some nutrients are sufficient to allow the …

The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is a complex assemblage of glycopolymers and
proteins. It consists of a thick peptidoglycan sacculus that surrounds the cytoplasmic …