Deltamethrin is widely used worldwide due to its valuable insecticidal activity against pests
and parasites. Increasing evidence has shown that deltamethrin causes varying degrees of …

In many organisms, cytochrome P450 enzymes are the primary detoxifying enzymes.
Enhanced P450 activity can be mediated by the emergence of new genes, increased …

The cytochrome P450 family (P450s) of arthropods includes diverse enzymes involved in
endogenous essential physiological functions and in the oxidative metabolism of …

Frequent use of insecticide causes an environmental hazard, and also leads pest to develop
insecticide resistance. Enhancement of metabolic detoxification and reduction of target …

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are associated with the detoxification of xenobiotics,
and overexpression of P450 genes has been proven to be associated with insecticide …

Pyrethroid insecticides are known to be highly toxic to most aquatic nontarget organisms, but
little is known about the mechanisms causing some species to be highly sensitive while …

The anthranilic diamide insecticide chlorantraniliprole has been extensively applied to
control Lepidoptera pests. However, its overuse leads to the development of resistance and …

The beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) is a highly polyphagous agricultural pest that is
distributed worldwide. However, the adaptive mechanisms of S. exigua for various …

Deltamethrin (DLM) represents one of the most commonly used pesticides. It passes through
milk, vegetables, and fruits to humans or through animals (veterinary drugs and feeding on …

Neonicotinoid insecticide nitenpyram is widely used in controlling rice hoppers including
Sogatella furcifera (Horváth). At present, the effects of nitenpyram on the biological traits and …