Although most work on prenatal stress has been conducted on mammalian species, birds
provide useful alternative models since avian embryos develop outside the mother's body in …

A growing body of evidence from across taxa suggests that exposure to elevated levels of
glucocorticoids during early development can have long-term effects upon physiological and …

Physiological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds is the most current and comprehensive
account of research on avian reproduction. It develops two unique themes: the consideration …

Effects of maternal hormones may adaptively adjust offspring development to prevailing
conditions. However, Darwinian fitness of parents is maximized by investing in more than …

Variable environmental conditions can alter the phenotype of offspring, particularly in
ectothermic species such as reptiles. Despite this, the majority of studies on development in …

In birds, maternally derived yolk steroids are a proposed mechanism by which females can
adjust individual offspring phenotype to prevailing conditions. However, when interests of …

In a wide range of taxa, there is evidence that mothers adaptively shape the development of
offspring behaviour by exposing them to steroids. These maternal effects have major …

Competition between conspecifics during the breeding season can result in behavioural and
physiological programming of offspring via maternal effects. For birds, in which maternal …

Vertebrate embryos are exposed to maternal hormones that can profoundly affect their later
phenotype. Although it is known that the embryo can metabolize these maternal hormones …

Hybridization occurs differentially across the genome in a balancing act between selection
and migration. With the unprecedented resolution of contemporary sequencing …