Traditionally, balance training has been used to rehabilitate ankle injuries and postural
deficits. Prospective studies have shown preventive effects with respect to ankle and knee …

This review is part of the series on the clinical neurophysiology of movement disorders. It
focuses on Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism. The topics covered include the …

Two different compensatory mechanisms are engaged when the nervous system senses
errors during a reaching movement. First, on-line feedback control mechanisms produce in …

Key points• Here we use the naturally generated brain activation when a person imagines a
simple movement and combine this with the afferent inflow that would be generated had the …

Aim: To determine the sites of adaptation responsible for improved stance stability after
balance (= sensorimotor) training, changes in corticospinal and spinal excitability were …

Purpose: To review the literature concerning neurophysiological methods to assess
spasticity with respect to mechanisms and methodology, and to describe the three most …

High-level cognitive signals in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) have previously been used
to decode the intended endpoint of a reach, providing the first evidence that PPC can be …

The antigravity soleus muscle (Sol) is crucial for compensation of stance perturbation. A
corticospinal contribution to the compensatory response of the Sol is under debate. The …

The cerebral activation during bicycle movements was investigated by oxygen-15-labelled H
2 O positron emission tomography (PET) in seven healthy human subjects. Compared to …

Objective: To present and discuss the clinical manifestations, radiographic features, and
treatment of a patient with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis complicated by dysphagia …