Background Plasma insulin levels are predominantly the product of the morphological mass
of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and the functional …

Type 1 diabetes affects millions of people globally and requires careful management to
avoid serious long-term complications, including heart and kidney disease, stroke, and loss …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which destruction or damaging of
the beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans results in insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. We …

Pancreatic insulin-producing β-cells have a long lifespan, such that in healthy conditions
they replicate little during a lifetime. Nevertheless, they show increased self-duplication after …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulitis and islet β-cell
loss. Thus, an effective therapy may require β-cell restoration and immune suppression …

Recent data suggest that we age, in part, because our self-renewing stem cells grow old as
a result of heritable intrinsic events, such as DNA damage, as well as extrinsic forces, such …

Abstract Purpose of Review To discuss the current understanding of “β cell identity” and
factors underlying altered identity of pancreatic β cells in diabetes, especially in humans …

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, is released from intestinal L-
cells in response to nutrients. GLP-1 lowers blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin …

The mechanisms that regulate pancreatic β cell mass are poorly understood. While
autoimmune and pharmacological destruction of insulin-producing β cells is often …

Histological analysis of donor pancreases coupled with measurement of serum C-peptide in
clinical cohorts has challenged the idea that all beta cells are eventually destroyed in type 1 …