Ever since microRNAs (miRNAs) were first recognized as an extensive gene family> 20
years ago, a broad community of researchers was drawn to investigate the universe of small …

The cell-autonomous innate immune system enables animal cells to resist viral infection.
This system comprises an array of sensors that, after detecting viral molecules, activate the …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of the deadliest pandemics in history. SARS …

Recent progress in human and mouse genetics has transformed our understanding of the
molecular mechanisms by which recognition of self double-stranded RNA (self-dsRNA) …

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging virus from the Flaviviridae family that is transmitted to
humans by mosquito vectors and represents an important health problem. Infections in …

Adaptive antiviral immunity in plants is an RNA-based mechanism in which small RNAs
derived from both strands of the viral RNA are guides for an Argonaute (AGO) nuclease. The …

Immune systems are of pivotal importance to any living organism on Earth, as they protect
the organism against deleterious effects of viral infections. Though the current knowledge …

Alternative splicing affects more than 95% of multi-exon genes in the human genome. These
changes affect the proteome in a myriad of ways. Here, we review our understanding of the …

The origin story and emergence of molecular biology is muddled. The early triumphs in
bacterial genetics and the complexity of animal and plant genomes complicate an intricate …

Adult stem cells ensure tissue homeostasis and regeneration after injury. Due to their
longevity and functional requirements, throughout their life stem cells are subject to a …