Abstract The Arctic Ocean is a focal point of climate change, with ocean warming,
freshening, sea‐ice decline, and circulation that link to the changing atmospheric and …

The greatest impacts of climate change on ecosystems, wildlife and humans often arise from
extreme events rather than changes in climatic means. Northern high latitudes, including the …

As the Arctic continues to warm faster than the rest of the planet, evidence mounts that the
region is experiencing unprecedented environmental change. The hydrological cycle is …

In recent decades, Arctic sea-ice coverage underwent a drastic decline in winter, when sea
ice is expected to recover following the melting season. It is unclear to what extent …

Key observational indicators of climate change in the Arctic, most spanning a 47 year period
(1971–2017) demonstrate fundamental changes among nine key elements of the Arctic …

The existence and magnitude of the recently suggested global warming hiatus, or
slowdown, have been strongly debated,–. Although various physical processes,,,–have …

Terrestrial hydrology is central to the Arctic system and its freshwater circulation. Water
transport and water constituents vary, however, across a very diverse geography. In this …

The Arctic Ocean's Beaufort Gyre is a dominant feature of the Arctic system, a prominent
indicator of climate change, and possibly a control factor for high-latitude climate. The state …

Sustainable development requires climate change mitigation and thereby a fast energy
transition to renewables. However, climate change may affect renewable power outputs by …

The Arctic region is warming two to three times faster than the global mean, intensifying the
hydrological cycle in the high north. Both enhanced regional evaporation and poleward …