Biological material systems have evolved unique combinations of mechanical properties to
fulfill their specific function through a series of ingenious designs. Seeking lessons from …

During land adaptation of the integument in tetrapods, an efficient stratum corneum was
originated through the evolution of numerous corneous proteins in addition to the framework …

Cornified skin appendages, such as hair and nails, are major evolutionary innovations of
terrestrial vertebrates. Human hair and nails consist largely of special intermediate filament …

Albanerpetontids are tiny, enigmatic fossil amphibians with a distinctive suite of
characteristics, including scales and specialized jaw and neck joints. Here we describe a …

Abstract The South American and West Indian Casque‐headed Treefrogs (Hylidae: Hylinae:
Lophyohylini) include 85 species. These are notably diverse in morphology (eg disparate …

The nuptial pad is a secondary sexual character found in anuran amphibians. It includes
modified epidermal and dermal tissues and is usually located on the first digit of the hand of …

Sculpture of dermal bones and their vascularization in basal tetrapods are closely
connected. Ontogenetic data suggest that the large vessels that coursed to the superficial …

We review the role of biogeochemical signatures, such as stable isotopes and trace
elements, in the cornified claw tissue as a means of studying movement and foraging …

Extinct worlds live again in palaeoart: artworks of fossil animals, plants and environments
carefully reconstructed from palaeontological and geological data. Such artworks are …

The dermal bone sculpture of early, basal tetrapods of the Permo-Carboniferous is unlike
the bone surface of any living vertebrate, and its function has long been obscure. Drawing …