Purpose of review Forests are frequently exposed to natural disturbances, which are likely to
increase with global change, and may jeopardize the delivery of ecosystem services. Mixed …

Plant secondary metabolites (PSM s) are ubiquitous in plants and play many ecological
roles. Each compound can vary in presence and/or quantity, and the composition of the …

Experimental evidence for positive interactions, or facilitation, among plants has increased
markedly during the last 10 years. Experiments documenting facilitation have been …

Most ecologists are not card-carrying members of either individualistic or interdependent
guilds, but our perception of plant community organization, and the way we conduct …

Specific plant associations may decrease (associational resistance, AR) or increase
(associational susceptibility, AS) the likelihood of detection by, and/or vulnerability to …

Interactions between individual consumer and resource organisms can be modified by
neighbors, eg, when herbivory depends on the identity or diversity of neighboring plants …

Avoidance and tolerance are the two means by which plants cope with herbivores.
Avoidances internal to the plant, such as morphology, chemical repellants, thorns, etc., have …

Plant communities vary tremendously in terms of productivity, species diversity, and genetic
diversity within species. This vegetation heterogeneity can impact both the likelihood and …

In crop systems, different types of plant or secondary crop may be grown together with the
primary crop for pest management purposes. These additional plants–henceforth called …

Effects of neighboring plants on herbivore damage to a focal plant (associational effects)
have been documented in many systems and can lead to either increased or decreased …