To what extent do individual members of the European Parliament (MEPs) have policy and
ideological incentives to vote against their European Political Groups (EPGs) and national …

Almost since the end of World War II, transnational cooperation among political parties has
been a common feature of European politics. This paper makes the case for studying …

Abstract The European Parliament (EP)–today one of the most powerful actors at EU level–
was intended to be a mere consultative assembly at the founding of the European …

The party system of the European Parliament (EP) has been dominated by the two main
European party families: centre-right conservatives and Christian democrats, on the one …

The increasing electoral success of euroskeptic parties in Europe is perceived as a potential
stumbling block for the region's commitment to liberal democracy as they often advocate for …

The formal powers of the European Parliament (EP) prior to the 1986 Single European Act
(SEA) were marginal. However, this limited formal role did not correspond to the perception …

Much of the existing literature on the early years of the European Parliament assumes that
its powers corresponded to what the Treaties provided. While this may be true for the very …

This book is based on the assumption that the EP must be considered a product of its
members' aspirations and their behaviour rather than as an institution defined by the …

This chapter aims to offer a guide for scholars from both political science and history to the
study of informality. It conceptualises informality and discusses a variety of theories, methods …

In Community legislation, the free movement of persons remained inextricably linked with
the factor of employment throughout the entire period under consideration. From the 1950s …