Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are recombinant receptors that provide both antigen-
binding and T-cell–activating functions. A multitude of CARs has been reported over the past …

A major obstacle for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in solid tumors is the
lack of truly tumor-specific target antigens, which translates to the targeting of tumor …

It is now some 50 years since iron-binding lactoferrin was first isolated and purified, an event
that opened the way to subsequent extensive research on lactoferrin structure and function …

The identification of activated T-lymphocytes restricted to myelin-derived immunogenic
peptides in multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 water channel in neuromyelitis optica …

Over the last half century, it has become well established that cancers can elicit a host
immune response that can target them with high specificity. Only within the last decade, with …

Transplant recipients can be sensitized against allo-HLA antigens by previous
transplantation, blood transfusion, or pregnancy. While there is growing awareness that …

Dual TCR T cells are a common and natural product of TCR gene rearrangement and
thymocyte development. As much as one third of the T cell population may have the …

Individualized cancer therapy is a central goal of cancer biologists. Immunotherapy is a
rational means to this end—because the immune system can recognize a virtually limitless …

A major difficulty in treating cancer is the inability to differentiate between normal and tumor
cells. The immune system differentiates tumor from normal cells by T cell receptor (TCR) …

First passage time (FPT) theory is often used to estimate timescales in cellular and
molecular biology. While the overwhelming majority of studies have focused on the time it …