Mitochondrial dynamics are regulated by two sets of opposed processes: mitochondrial
fusion and fission, and mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation (including mitophagy), as …

The past decade has witnessed an upsurge in studies demonstrating mitochondrial transfer
as one of the emerging mechanisms through which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can …

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, previously known as low-level laser therapy, was
discovered more than 50 years ago, yet there is still no agreement on the parameters and …

Purpose: Low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the visible to near infrared spectral band (390–
1100 nm) is absorption of laser light at the electronic level, without generation of heat. It may …

The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a fundamental component of cellular metabolism.
The PPP is important to maintain carbon homoeostasis, to provide precursors for nucleotide …

The purpose of this article is to highlight the role of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in
abnormal mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial fragmentation, autophagy/mitophagy, and …

Reprogramming somatic cells to a pluripotent state drastically reconfigures the cellular
anabolic requirements, thus potentially inducing cancer-like metabolic transformation …

The aging process is accompanied by the onset of disease and a general decline in
wellness. Insights into the aging process have revealed a number of cellular hallmarks of …

Abstract “Cellular reprogramming” facilitates the generation of desired cellular phenotype
through the cell fate transition by affecting the mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic …

The association between maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy and risk for
offspring neuropsychiatric disorders has been increasingly recognized over the past several …