This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth
muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical …

Youth and adult participation in sports continues to increase, and athletes may be
diagnosed with potentially arrhythmogenic cardiac conditions. This international …

Chronic heart failure is a clinical syndrome with multiple etiologies, associated with
significant morbidity and mortality. Cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular …

Both experimental and modeling studies have attempted to determine mechanisms by which
a small anatomical region, such as the sinoatrial node (SAN), can robustly drive electrical …

The pacemaker activity of the sinoatrial node (SAN) has been studied extensively in animal
species but is virtually unexplored in humans. Here we assess the role of the slowly …

Background: Sinus bradycardia and first degree or second degree Mobitz type I
atrioventricular (AV) block in an athlete are considered adaptive and reversible phenomena; …

The sinoatrial node (SAN), the primary pacemaker of the heart, is responsible for the
initiation and robust regulation of sinus rhythm. 3D mapping studies of the ex-vivo human …

The embryonic development of sinus nodes (SAN) is co-regulated by multiple signaling
pathways. Among these, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Wnt signaling …

Inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6 (IL6), are associated with ion channel
remodeling and enhance the propensity to alterations in cardiac rhythm generation and …

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a grave medical condition that can precipitate sudden death.
The pathogenesis of SSS remains incompletely understood. Existing research postulates …