Collisionless shocks, that is shocks mediated by electromagnetic processes, are customary
in space physics and in astrophysics. They are to be found in a great variety of objects and …

The interaction of the solar wind with the local interstellar medium (LISM) is attracting
renewed interest, thanks to the possibility that the Voyager spacecraft may, in the not too …

If charged particles move through the interplanetary or interstellar medium, they interact with
a large-scale magnetic field such as the magnetic field of the Sun or the Galactic magnetic …

There is increasing evidence to suggest that energetic particles observed in “gradual” solar
energetic particle (SEP) events are accelerated at shock waves driven out of the corona by …

Above a few tens of MeV per nucleon, large, gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events
are highly variable in their spectral characteristics and elemental composition. The origin of …

A new mechanism for the acceleration of pickup ions by repeated reflections from the
electrostatic cross shock potential of a quasi‐perpendicular shock is presented. The …

Energization at a quasi‐perpendicular shock is described for ions which approach the shock
with a speed much less than that of the incoming plasma. These ions may be trapped …

This two-part book is devoted to classic fundamentals and current practices and
perspectives of modern plasma astrophysics. This first part uniquely covers all the basic …

Scientists have explored how energetic particles such as solar energetic particles and
cosmic rays move through a magnetized plasma such as the interplanetary and interstellar …

This two-part book is devoted to classic fundamentals and current practices and
perspectives of modern plasma astrophysics. This second part discusses the physics of …