Abstract Human ANP32A and ANP32B are essential but redundant host factors for influenza
virus genome replication. While most influenza viruses cannot replicate in edited human …

Avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype pose a serious global health threat due to the
high mortality (> 60%) associated with the disease caused by these viruses and the lack of …

H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate globally in poultry and have become the
dominant AIV subtype in China in recent years. Previously, we demonstrated that the H9N2 …

H9N2 avian influenza virus has spread worldwide, and vaccination with an inactivated virus
is currently the major prevention method in China. To further understand the effect of the …

Pathogens that cause respiratory diseases in poultry are highly diversified, and co-infections
with multiple pathogens are prevalent. The H9N2 strain of avian influenza virus (AIV) and …

To identify molecular features that confer enhanced H7N9 virulence in mammals, we
independently generated three mouse-adapted variants of A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) by …

The H5 subtype virus of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus has caused huge
economic losses to the poultry industry and is a threat to human health. Until 2010, H5N1 …

Emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in Asia and its spread
to Europe and North America has caused great concern for human health. Although the …

Three H10 subtype avian influenza viruses were isolated from domestic ducks in China,
designated as SH602/H10N8, FJ1761/H10N3 and SX3180/H10N7, with an intravenous …

Background Vaccines constitute a unique selective pressure, different from natural selection,
drives the evolution of influenza virus. In this study, A/Chicken/Shanghai/F/1998 (H9N2) was …