The superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) contains immense structural and
functional diversity and mediates a myriad of biological processes upon activation by …

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs)—one of the five main families in the GPCR
superfamily—have several atypical characteristics, including large, multi-domain N termini …

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) affects 3% of children worldwide, yet the mechanisms underlying this
spinal deformity remain unknown. Here we show that ptk7 mutant zebrafish, a faithful …

The vertebrate body plan is characterized by the presence of a segmented spine along its
main axis. Here, we examine the current understanding of how the axial tissues that are …

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) refers to a 3D rotation of the spine that occurs in the absence of
underlying vertebral anomalies or obvious physiological defects. Despite affecting …

Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common deformity of the chest wall and is characterized
by the posterior depression of the sternum and the lower costal cartilages. To date, the …

GPR126 is a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) that is
essential for the normal development of diverse tissues, and its mutations are implicated in …

The etiopathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis (IS), a highly prevalent spinal deformity that
occurs in the absence of obvious congenital or physiological abnormalities, is poorly …

The global aging population has led to an increase in geriatric diseases, including adult
degenerative scoliosis (ADS). ADS is a spinal deformity affecting adults, particularly females …

The vertebral column or spine assembles around the notochord rod which contains a core
made of large vacuolated cells. Each vacuolated cell possesses a single fluid-filled vacuole …