Many stressors cause an increase in ventilation in humans. This is predominantly reported
as an increase in minute ventilation (). But, the same can be achieved by a wide variety of …

Lung ventilation fluctuates widely with behavior but arterial PCO 2 remains stable. Under
normal conditions, the chemoreflexes contribute to PaCO 2 stability by producing small …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its distribution are highly sensitive to changes in the partial
pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2). This physiological response, termed cerebrovascular …

Central chemoreception traditionally refers to a change in ventilation attributable to changes
in CO 2/H+ detected within the brain. Interest in central chemoreception has grown …

Breathing occurs without thought but is controlled by a complex neural network with a final
output of phrenic motor neurons activating diaphragm muscle fibers (ie, motor units). This …

By definition central respiratory chemoreceptors (CRCs) are cells that are sensitive to
changes in brain PCO2 or pH and contribute to the stimulation of breathing elicited by …

Ventilatory responses to hypoxia vary widely depending on the pattern and length of hypoxic
exposure. Acute, prolonged, or intermittent hypoxic episodes can increase or decrease …

Arterial, a major determinant of breathing, is detected by chemosensors located in the
brainstem. These are important for maintaining physiological levels of in the blood and …

We assessed the contribution of carotid body chemoreceptors to the ventilatory response to
specific CNS hypercapnia in eight unanaesthetized, awake dogs. We denervated one …

Localized pH changes have been suggested to occur in the brain during normal function.
However, the existence of such pH changes has also been questioned. Lack of methods for …