Luminescence-based techniques continue to attract considerable attention due not only to
their current range of applications but also to their wide potential in the fields of optical …

Lanthanides refer to the 15 elements located at the sixth period and IIIB group in the periodic
table, ranging from lanthanum to lutetium, with the electronic configuration of [Xe] 4f n–1 5d …

This article gives an overview of the various kinds of nanoparticles (NPs) that are widely
used for purposes of fluorescent imaging, mainly of cells and tissues. Following an …

Photon-upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) can be excited by near-infrared light and emit
visible light (anti-Stokes emission) which prevents autofluorescence and light scattering of …

Conspectus Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles exhibit unique luminescent properties,
including large Stokes shift, sharp emission bandwidth, high resistance to optical blinking …

Fiber-optics enable direct optical spectroscopy (from the infared to the ultraviolet; in
absorption, emission and plasmonic resonance) to be performed at inaccessible sites, over …

Conspectus Resonance energy transfer (RET) describes the process that energy is
transferred from an excited donor to an acceptor molecule, leading to a reduction in the …

Recent advances in nanoscale science and engineering have generated nanomaterials
with unique optical properties. Over the past decade, numerous fluorescent nanoprobes …

In the last decade, upconversion and downconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs and DCNPs)
have exhibited attractive unique optical properties and are used in various fields, including …

Photon‐upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are lanthanide‐doped nanocrystals that emit
visible light under near‐infrared excitation (anti‐Stokes emission). This unique optical …