Pregnant females are susceptible to intracellular pathogens and are biased towards
humoral rather than cell-mediated immunity. Since 7", 1 cymkines compromise pregnancy …

The existence of subsets of CD4+ helper T lymphocytes that differ in their cytokine secretion
patterns and effector functions provides a framework for understanding the heterogeneity of …

The immune response type organized against viral infection is determinant in the prognosis
of some infections. This work has aimed to study Th polarization in acute COVID-19 and its …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) eradication is prevented by the establishment
on infection of cellular HIV-1 reservoirs that are not fully characterized, especially in genital …

Tuberculosis, a major health problem in developing countries, has reemerged in recent
years in many industrialized countries. The increased susceptibility of immunocompromised …

Tim R. Mosmann and Subash Sad he T helper 1 (Thl) and Th2 patterns of cytokine
production were originally described among mouse CD4'T-cell clone@ and later among …

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: To understand the current status of knowledge in the basic field of
polarized specific immune responses mediated by CD4+ T helper (Th) lymphocytes, based …

Many questions have been posed about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
pathogenesis. Is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) both necessary and sufficient to …

To date, most Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection cases
reported to WHO come from Southern Europe. Up to the year 2001, nearly 2,000 cases of …

Glucocorticoids are powerful regulators of immune function. Their role in reducing
inflammation and autoimmune responses is well known, as is their ability to induce …