Spinal cord transcutaneous stimulation in cervical spinal cord injury: A review examining upper extremity neuromotor control, recovery mechanisms, and future …

G Singh, P Sharma, G Forrest, S Harkema… - Journal of …, 2024 - liebertpub.com
Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) results in significant sensorimotor impairments below the
injury level, notably in the upper extremities (UEs), impacting daily activities and quality of …

Non-invasive spinal cord electrical stimulation for arm and hand function in chronic tetraplegia: a safety and efficacy trial

C Moritz, EC Field-Fote, C Tefertiller, I van Nes… - Nature medicine, 2024 - nature.com
Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to permanent impairment of arm and hand functions.
Here we conducted a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, open-label, non-significant risk …

Characterizing neurological status in individuals with tetraplegia using transcutaneous spinal stimulation

J Oh, MS Scheffler, CA Martin, J Dinh, J Sheynin… - Scientific Reports, 2023 - nature.com
Transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) is emerging as a valuable tool for
electrophysiological and clinical assessment. This study had the objective of examining the …

[HTML][HTML] Non-invasive Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Programming Recommendations for the Treatment of Upper Extremity Impairment in Tetraplegia

K Gelenitis, A Santamaria, J Pradarelli, M Rieger… - … : Technology at the …, 2025 - Elsevier
Objectives This study analyzes the stimulation parameters implemented during two
successful trials that used non-invasive transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) to …

Initial feasibility evaluation of the RISES system: An innovative and activity-based closed-loop framework for spinal cord injury rehabilitation and recovery

S Madarshahian, T Guerrero, PT Aung… - Journal of …, 2024 - journals.sagepub.com
Background Electrical stimulation of the spinal cord may improve rewiring of the affected
pathways. Immediate modulation of stimulation parameters, and its effects of it on kinematics …

Responsiveness to transcutaneous spinal stimulation for upper extremity recovery following spinal cord injury: A case series exploration of midsagittal tissue bridges

AC Smith, C Morey, WA Thornton… - The Journal of Spinal …, 2025 - Taylor & Francis
Context Transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS), applied to the cervical spine, is able to
improve voluntary upper extremity strength and function in individuals with cervical spinal …

Repeated epidural stimulation modulates cervical spinal cord excitability in healthy adult rats

P Sharma, H Rampersaud, PK Shah - Experimental Brain Research, 2025 - Springer
Spinal evoked motor responses (SEMR) are utilized in longitudinal pre-clinical and human
studies to reflect the in-vivo physiological changes in neural networks secondary to a spinal …

[HTML][HTML] Different Factors Influencing Postural Stability during Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Cervical Spinal Cord

L Bikchentaeva, M Nikulina, A Shulman… - Journal of Functional …, 2024 - mdpi.com
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) is a promising noninvasive alternative to
epidural stimulation. However, further studies are needed to clarify how tSCS affects …

[HTML][HTML] Transcutaneous spinal stimulation provides characterization of neurological status in individuals with tetraplegia

J Oh, MS Scheffler, CA Martin, J Dinh, J Sheynin… - Research …, 2023 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) is emerging as a valuable tool for
electrophysiological and clinical assessment. This study had the objective of examining the …

Fundamental limitations of kilohertz-frequency carriers in afferent fiber recruitment with transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation

I Seáñez, R Keesey, U Hofstoetter, Z Hu, L Lombardi… - 2024 - researchsquare.com
The use of kilohertz-frequency (KHF) waveforms has rapidly gained momentum in
transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) to restore motor function after paralysis …