Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine encoded within a
functionally polymorphic genetic locus. MIF was initially recognized as a cytokine generated …

Single agent checkpoint inhibitor therapy has not been effective for most gastrointestinal
solid tumors, but combination therapy with drugs targeting additional immunosuppressive …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest and most diverse protein family
in the human genome with over 800 members identified to date. They play critical roles in …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are activated by a diverse range of ligands, from large
proteins and proteases to small peptides, metabolites, neurotransmitters and ions. They are …

It is one of the major aims in cancer research to improve our understanding of the underlying
mechanisms which initiate and maintain tumor growth and to translate these findings into …

The interaction of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
blasts with the bone marrow microenvironment regulates self-renewal, growth signaling, as …

Cancer immunotherapy has been established as standard of care in different tumor entities.
After the first reports on synergistic effects with radiotherapy and the induction of abscopal …

Chemokines can induce chemotactic cell migration by interacting with G protein-coupled
receptors to play a significant regulatory role in the development of cancer. CXC chemokine …

Elevated expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and ACKR3 and of their cognate
ligand CXCL12 is detected in a wide range of tumors and the tumor microenvironment …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are versatile and vital proteins involved in a wide
array of physiological processes and responses, such as sensory perception (eg, vision …