Despite the recent increase in the development of antivirals and antibiotics, antimicrobial
resistance and the lack of broad-spectrum virus-targeting drugs are still important issues and …

Immune responses to pathogens are complex and not well understood in many diseases,
and this is especially true for infections by persistent pathogens. One mechanism that allows …

Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) act at the interface of host and pathogen interactions in human
infectious diseases. Tregs are induced by a wide range of pathogens, but distinct effects of …

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is generally acquired during early childhood;
therefore, the immune response which usually takes place at this age may influence or even …

Abstract Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is extremely challenging
due to the virulence of the etiologic strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the …

Background The impact of intestinal helminth infection on the clinical presentation and
immune response during active tuberculosis (TB) infection is not well characterized. Our aim …

Targeting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) PE/PPE antigens that induce type 1 helper T
cell (Th1) and Th17 responses represents a crucial strategy for the development of …

The global control of tuberculosis (TB) presents a continuous health challenge to mankind.
Despite having effective drugs, TB still has a devastating impact on human health …

Background With the renewed emphasis to implement isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in
Sub-Saharan Africa, we investigated the effect of IPT on immunological profiles among …

The elimination of tuberculosis (TB) cannot reasonably be achieved by treatment of
individual cases and will require an improved vaccine or immunotherapy. A challenge in …