Reactive species play an important role in physiological functions. Overproduction of
reactive species, notably reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species along with the …

With an increasing focus on health in contemporary society, interest in the diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention of diseases has grown rapidly. Accordingly, the demand for …

The appearance of the biomarkers in body fluids like blood, urine, saliva, tears, etc. can be
used for the identification of many diseases. This article aimed to summarize the studies …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and its early detection using
reliable molecular biomarkers is believed to be best approach to controlling and even curing …

Even though Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder
(ND), it faces an absence of credible drug delivery, treatment and diagnosis. Levodopa is …

This review (with 121 references) gives a summary on recent advances in the use of
nanomaterials for the optical determination of dopamine. It includes a brief overview of the …

Mitochondrial dysfunction results in a series of defective cellular events, including
decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, enhanced reactive oxygen species …

Alpha-synuclein (SYN) is a prominent key protein in Parkinson-type dementia. Measurement
of the amount of this protein found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using precise techniques …

Early diagnosis of neurodegeneration-oriented diseases that develop with the aging world is
essential for improving the patient's living conditions as well as the treatment of the disease …

Soluble alpha-synuclein (α-syn) oligomer is believed to be a reliable molecular biomarker
for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, it is critical to develop a simple method for …