Proppant such as sand and ceramics is used in keeping the fractures open for hydrocarbon
production in hydraulic fracturing operations. Its ability to withstand reservoir closure …

Sand, a naturally occurring granular material primarily composed of SiO2, serves as a
common proppant in hydraulic fracturing operations. Proppants play a crucial role in …

In the implementation of diagnosing fracturing fractures using electromagnetic methods, a
lack of understanding of the electrical properties of fracture fillers can directly lead to …

Proppant flowback is a problem in Xinjiang oilfield. It decreases production rate of a
fractured oil well, corrodes surface and downhole facilities and increases production costs …

Fracture diagnosis with electromagnetic (EM) and electrical tools requires proppants with
high electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. Lab measurements of the electrical and …

As development concepts for the Johan Castberg Field matured, new locations required soil
data. A harder layer has been identified from previous soil data and mapped on seismic …

Proppant mapping is critical for optimizing fracture treatment design and improving wells'
productivity. An electrode-based resistivity tool concept was developed earlier for proppant …