Experimental models that faithfully mimic the developmental pathology of sporadic
Alzheimer's disease (sAD) in humans are important for testing the novel therapeutic …

Impairment of insulin action and metabolic dysregulation have traditionally been associated
with schizophrenia, although the molecular basis of such association remains still elusive …

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is strongly associated with metabolic diseases including
diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies indicate that …

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a common consequence of various cerebral
vascular disorders and hemodynamic and blood changes. Recent studies have revealed an …

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a multifunctional molecular actor in cell–matrix interactions,
cell adhesion, and anchorage-dependent cell growth. It combines functions of a signal …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is remarkably characterized
by pathological hallmarks which include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal …

Diabetes has adverse effects on the brain, especially the hippocampus, which is particularly
susceptible to synaptic injury and cognitive dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms and …

Obesity, caused by a high-fat diet (HFD), leads to insulin resistance, which is a precursor of
diabetes and a risk factor for impaired cognitive function, dementia, and brain diseases …

Evidence from basic molecular biology has noted a critical role of GSK-3 in Alzheimer's
disease (AD) pathogenesis such as beta-amyloid (Aβ) production and accumulation, the …

Cognitive impairment is a shared abnormality between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and
many neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) …