Klotho is a critical protein that protects the kidney. Klotho is severely downregulated in
chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis and …

Rapid protein degradation enables cells to quickly modulate protein abundance.
Dysregulation of short-lived proteins plays essential roles in disease pathogenesis. A …

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death with the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and
dysfunction of antioxidant systems. As the critical regulator, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) …

Protein ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) process that covalently
modifies a protein substrate with either mono-ubiquitin moieties or poly-ubiquitin chains …

Exosomes can selectively secrete harmful metabolic substances from cells to maintain
cellular homeostasis, and complex crosstalk occurs between exosomes and tumor …

Abstract N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is an abundant modification in eukaryotic
mRNAs. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for RNA m6A methylation in various …

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is frequently activated by mutation or
overexpression, and it is a validated therapeutic target in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the …

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) converts angiotensin II, a potent
vasoconstrictor, to angiotensin-(1–7) and is also a membrane protein that enables …

Identifying the mechanisms underlying the regulation of immune checkpoint molecules and
the therapeutic impact of targeting them in cancer is critical. Here we show that high …

As an important post-translational modification, ubiquitination mediates∼ 80% of protein
degradation in eukaryotes. The degree of protein ubiquitination is tightly determined by the …