Understanding the vulnerability of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification is a critical issue,
especially in the Southern Ocean (SO), which is likely to be the one of the first, and most …

Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and
familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest …

Over the next century, elevated quantities of atmospheric CO 2 are expected to penetrate
into the oceans, causing a reduction in pH (− 0.3/− 0.4 pH unit in the surface ocean) and in …

The effect of Ocean Acidification (OA) on marine biota is quasi-predictable at best. While
perturbation studies, in the form of incubations under elevated pCO2, reveal sensitivities and …

We present an update of the 'key points' from the Antarctic Climate Change and the
Environment (ACCE) report that was published by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic …

Anthropogenic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is absorbed by the oceans, causing a
progressive increase in ocean inorganic carbon concentrations and resulting in decreased …

Global climate change has intensified the need to assess the capacity for natural
populations to adapt to abrupt shifts in the environment. Reductions in seawater pH …

Elevations in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) are anticipated to acidify oceans because
of fundamental changes in ocean chemistry created by CO2 absorption from the …

Animals living in the Southern Ocean have evolved in a singular environment. It shares
many of its attributes with the high Arctic, namely low, stable temperatures, the pervading …

To understand how planet Earth works we study it increasingly as a system–a collection of
interdependent parts or spheres–the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the …