Forty years ago, CD Marsden proposed that blepharospasm should be considered a form of
adult‐onset focal dystonia. In the present paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of …

Abstract 'Meige's syndrome'is a type of cranial dystonia characterized by blepharospasm
and oromandibular dystonia and can be associated with complex movement of lower facial …

Objective Isolated focal dystonia can spread to muscles beyond the initially affected body
region, but risk of spread has not been evaluated in a prospective manner. Furthermore …

This review updates understanding and research on blepharospasm, a subtype of focal
dystonia. Topics covered include clinical aspects, pathology, pathophysiology, animal …

Purposes: To determine whether somatosensory temporal discrimination will reliably detect
subclinical sensory impairment in patients with various forms of primary focal dystonia …

Blepharospasm (BSP) is a rather distressing form of focal dystonia. Although many aspects
of its pathophysiological mechanisms are already known, we lack fundamental evidence on …

The number of existing cases of primary dystonia in the population is not precisely known,
but the condition is probably much more frequent than reported. By minimum prevalence …

Objective: Blepharospasm is a type of dystonia where the diagnosis is often delayed
because its varied clinical manifestations are not well recognized. The purpose of this study …

Eye movement abnormalities are among the earliest clinical manifestations of inherited and
acquired neurodegenerative diseases and play an integral role in their diagnosis. Eyelid …

Background Adult-onset primary dystonia is thought to be a purely motor disorder.
Nevertheless, several studies provided evidence that sensory and psychiatric disturbances …