The aim of the present thesis was to investigate the pathophysiology of chronic tension-type
headache with special reference to central mechanisms. Increased tenderness to palpation …

Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common form of headache, and chronic tension-
type headache (CTTH) is one of the most neglected and difficult types of headache to treat …

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) represent a group of chronic painful conditions
involving the muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joint. Several studies have …

1. Introduction Despite the fact that tension-type headache is by far the most common type of
headache (1, 2), the knowledge about key pathophysiological issues, such as the nature …

Brainstem reflexes and hand-muscle reflexes can be elicited and recorded with routine EMG
equipment. Not all these reflexes are useful in clinical neurology. But those that are–the …

Despite the tremendous socoeconomic impact of tension-type headache surprisingly little is
known about the underlying pathophysiology and treatment. Existing evidence and theories …

Stress is widely demonstrated as a contributing factor in tension-type headache (TTH). The
mechanisms underlying this remain unclear at present. Recent research indicates the …

Tension-type headache represents one of the most costly diseases in modern society
because of its very high prevalence. Very little research on this disease has actually been …

Background Primary headaches are functional neurological diseases characterized by a
dynamic cyclic pattern over time (ictal/pre-/interictal). Electrophysiological recordings can …

The second exteroceptive suppression of masseter muscle activity (ES2) and tenderness in
pericranial muscles were evaluated in 112 young adults who met IRS criteria in the following …