OVER THE PAST DECADE, there has been a significant decline in cardiac surgery–
associated mortality, despite an increase in procedural complexity. Although the average …

Background For complex patients in the intensive care unit or in the operating room, many
questions regarding their haemodynamic management cannot be answered with simple …

Over the last decade, the way to monitor hemodynamics at the bedside has evolved
considerably in the intensive care unit as well as in the operating room. The most important …

Extravascular lung water (EVLW) is the amount of fluid that is accumulated in the interstitial
and alveolar spaces. In lung oedema, EVLW increases either because of increased lung …

Advanced haemodynamic monitoring remains a cornerstone in the management of the
critically ill. While rates of pulmonary artery catheter use have been declining, there has …

The accurate quantification of cardiac output (CO) is given vital importance in modern
medical practice, especially in high-risk surgical and critically ill patients. CO monitoring …

Although cardiac output (CO) by pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) has been an
important guideline in clinical management for more than four decades, some studies have …

The accuracy of noninvasive cardiac output and pressure meas... : Current Opinion in Critical
Care The accuracy of noninvasive cardiac output and pressure measurements with finger cuff: a …

The bedside measurement of continuous arterial pressure values from waveform analysis
has been routinely available via indwelling arterial catheterization for> 50 years. Invasive …

The transpulmonary thermodilution technique (TPTD) is a safe, multi-parametric advanced
cardiopulmonary monitoring technique that provides important parameters required for …