Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of E. coli diarrhea in
farm animals. ETEC are characterized by the ability to produce two types of virulence factors …

Cystic fibrosis is a common autosomal recessive disorder that primarily affects the epithelial
cells in the intestine, respiratory system, pancreas, gall bladder and sweat glands. Over one …

Which elements are essential for human life? Here we make an element-by-element journey
through the periodic table and attempt to assess whether elements are essential or not, and …

The ABC-transporter superfamily is one of the largest protein families, and members can be
found in bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. The first reports on plant ABC transporters …

▪ Abstract The assembly of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) chloride
channel is of interest from the broad perspective of understanding how ion channels and …

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte-dominated airway inflammation is a major component of
cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and may be associated with CF transmembrane …

Protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is a central post‐translational modification in
plant hormone signaling, but little is known about its extent and function. Although pertinent …

Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is a form of infertility with an
autosomal recessive genetic background in otherwise healthy males. CBAVD is caused by …

Carbon dioxide uptake and water release through stomata, controlling the opening and
closure of stomatal pore size in the leaf surface, is critical for optimal plant performance …

ATP serves not only as an energy source for all cell types but as an 'extracellular messenger-
for autocrine and paracrine signalling. It is released from the cell via several different …