Blockchain-based crowdsourcing solutions have been widely used in the industry to solve
insider threats and free-riding/false-reporting issues. However, the existing solutions suffer …

With the rise of crowdsourcing and mobile crowdsensing techniques, a large number of
crowdsourcing applications or platforms () have appeared. In the mean time,-related models …

Near-field communication (NFC) is one of the essential technologies in the Internet of Things
(IoT) that has facilitated mobile payment across different services. The technology has …

As important indicators of urban public safety, public safety and environmental security
(PSES) is related to residents' living security and greatly affects their quality of life and …

Crowd sensing (CS) is a data acquisition mode using the sensing ability of mobile devices.
As a distributed ledger, blockchain (BC) is used for crowd sensing to resist security risks in …

The conventional electronic payment systems are facing challenges on ensuring, safety,
trust and accuracy. These issues can be addressed in blockchain technology. The …

One of the fundamental IoT technologies, near-fleld communication (NFC), has made mobile
payments possible for a variety of applications. As the design of payment systems has been …

Blockchain is an emerging technology based on the digital ledger in the distributed system.
The decentralized trust is one of its prominent features that ensures better transparency …